There are several ways that visual artists and designers can be paid by galleries and marketplaces that sell reproductions of their artwork. Some of the most common methods include:

1. Consignment: This is a common method of payment for artists. Under a consignment agreement, the artist loans their artwork to the gallery or marketplace and the gallery or marketplace takes a percentage of the sale price as commission. The artist only receives payment when their artwork sells.
2. Advance Payment: Another option for artists is to receive an advance payment from the gallery or marketplace. This is a lump-sum payment made to the artist upfront, in exchange for the right to sell reproductions of their artwork. The artist typically earns royalties on each reproduction sold, but the advance payment allows the artist to receive some income before the artwork sells.
3. Licensing: Another way that visual artist and designers can be paid for their artwork is through licensing. This is when an artist grants a gallery or marketplace the right to reproduce their artwork in exchange for a licensing fee. The artist is typically paid a set fee upfront and may also receive royalties on each reproduction sold.
4. Open Edition: In this method, the artist sells the reproductions on their own and the gallery or marketplace makes a profit from each item sold. This is less common for traditional artists, but it has become more prevalent for digital artwork and digital artists.
5. Exclusive Edition: In this method, the artist creates a limited number of reproductions of their artwork, and the gallery or marketplace sells them. The artist is paid a set fee upfront and may also receive royalties on each reproduction sold. This method is useful for high-end and limited edition reproductions.

It's important to note that different galleries and marketplaces may have their own policies, commissions, and payment methods. Additionally, the payment method can also depend on the type of artwork, medium, and it's popularity. It is important for artists to carefully review the terms of any agreement before entering into a partnership with a gallery or marketplace.